There are other states, such as the state when a socket is midway through establishing a connection on a remote device, but putting transient states aside, you can think of a socket as either being connected or waiting (which is often called listening). Sockets have two main states: They are either connected and facilitating an ongoing network communication, or they are waiting for an incoming connection to connect to them. The word sockets might conjure up images of a physical connection point for a lead or cable, but in this context, a socket is a software construct used to handle one end of a network data connection. They use Internet Protocol addresses and network ports to establish connections. The connections use networking protocols like Transport Control Protocol (TCP) or User Datagram Protocol UDP. Network sockets can either be connected or waiting for a connection.
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